William Potter s Macbeth - 1247 Words

Macbeth, a tragedy play written by Shakespeare, illustrates the damaging physical and psychological effects of political ambition on those who seek power for its own sake. Harry Potter, a series of fantasy, fiction novels written by J.K Rowling, chronicles the life of a young wizard, Harry Potter, a chain adventure of his friends, all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. Despite the fact that these two books may seem completely unreliable, there are indeed, certain connections in presence between one another. History and time has proven that from time to time, the presence of witches, prophecies and violence in a fiction novel has always acted as the essential success criteria. The general of aspect of a fiction, fantasy novel can be identified as to entertain the readers, to reveal central message, and to propose a virtual, imagery, but vivid world of wonder and magic towards the readers. Even though Macbeth and Harry Potter are categorized in two diff erent styles of literacy, they share similarities in terms of characters, themes, and symbols in a variety of aspects; ultimately, the omnipresence of fantasy, magic and dichotomy is the reason why both literatures are so wildly successful. First and foremost, characters from both books have shared many similarities with one another. To begin with, Macbeth and Ginny weasley are both plagued by self-doubt, and because of this, they are easily manipulated and influenced by the forces of others.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Act 3 Scene 4 Of Macbeth1072 Words   |  5 PagesIntroductory Page To recreate Act 3, Scene 4 of â€Å"Macbeth† by William shakespeare in the modern era, we decided to have the members of our group assume the roles of the characters of Macbeth. The scene will revolve around the issue of cheating on the SATs. This examination is something we are extremely familiar with, which is why we are the characters. The recreated scene will take place in the the present time, 2017, in Queens, New York. A young family of five, living in the vibrant and livelyRead MoreThe Historical And Cultural Value Of The Ancient Mesopotamia1442 Words   |  6 PagesNarrative† written by Babylonians, is undoubtedly the crystallization of Sumerian culture. From the content of the story, one can see ancient Sumerian’s early civilization, society, and religion culture. Comparing this poem to modern plays such as â€Å"Macbeth† by William Shakespeare, this ancient narrative epic still has an important historical and cultural value so far. The Gilgamesh story took place in ancient Mesopotamia, where developed the earliest human civilization. Mesopotamia means the â€Å"land betweenRead MoreRhetorical Devices3007 Words   |  13 PagesSonnet 116) – figura etymologica | |portmanteau words (blend, |words formed by blending two words into one | |contaminatio) |spellotape (spell + sellotape in Harry Potter) | | |brunch (breakfast + lunch) | |symploce |A combination of anaphora andRead MoreBritish Arts5612 Words   |  23 Pagessafe opportunity to look behind the mask of accepted social behavior. The countrys most successful and respected playwrights are usually those who explore the darker side of the personality and of personal relationships such as Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth†¦. British theatre has such a fine acting tradition that Hollywood is forever raiding its talent for people to star in films. British television does the same thing. Moreover, Broadway, when looking for its next blockbuster musical, pays close attentionRead MoreGoal Movie Review10720 Words   |  43 Pagesthe few actors you’ll ever meet that literally will never moan about anything. It’s very admirable.† *** The filmmakers then sought to back up Becker with a stellar supporting cast. Similar to the ensembles of the â€Å"Lord of the Rings† and â€Å"Harry Potter† films, the filmmakers â€Å"wanted to make it about the story, not the actors. That was really important to us—having really talented, no-fuss actors around Kuno,† explains Matt Barrelle. â€Å"We wanted to take away from who the actors were and really make

The Myers Briggs Personality Test - 923 Words

John Adams once said, â€Å"Thanks be to God that he gave me stubbornness when I know I am right†. John Adams, like myself was introverted, intellectual, thinking, and judging, or an INTJ on the Myers Briggs personality test. Like all INTJs, Adams was stubborn and flouted the ideas of others that he did not agree with. By using my results from the Meyers Briggs personality test, I can examine how I react to certain things and use this to improve my Spirituality, my relationship with God, and ultimately my relationship with others through Christ. I am Introverted and this knowledge can be used to improve my spirituality. This means that I get my energy from dealing with the ideas, memories, and reactions that are inside my head. Furthermore, I†¦show more content†¦Even when things are going badly in my life, my constant drive pushes me towards God, questioning why things are happening and looking to God to show me the way, granting me patience and guidance through an incredibly hard time. Thus, even in times of darkness, my relationship with God is strengthened. Furthermore, the mystery of faith excites me and I can use this to strengthen my spirituality with God by thinking about him. I am Thinking and this knowledge can be used to improve my spirituality. Thinking people are usually reserved and serious and curious about the world around them. They also think about their answers critically and answer in a clear answer, however they can be stubborn and unaccepting of others’ ideas. For example, I cannot be wrong in an argument; even if I am clearly wrong, I will continue arguing that I am right. I stand firm by my beliefs and do not succumb to others’ beliefs. This in reality is a fault I need to work on through the guidance of God. This struggle is how I can incorporate thinking into my spirituality. Through Iganatian Contemplative prayer I can remove myself from my normal analytical thinking, and engage my heart and imaginat ion in prayer. Additionally, I must also learn to accept the ideas of others before immediately dismissing them. For instance, if someone has a different theological idea than I, I would normally flout their ideas asShow MoreRelatedThe Myers Briggs Personality Test1378 Words   |  6 PagesFor the Myers Briggs personality test I am an ISTP when I am stress and when I am at my best. I was surprised with these results due to the fact that my freshman year in the Harold Leadership Academy I was required to take the Myers Briggs assessment and scored the letters INFJ. I find myself leaning more towards INFJ because the test was at least seventy-five questions. When reading the definitions of ISTP and INFJ I find that I would agree with my personality having a little bit of both. The MyersRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Personality Test1369 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper describes the results of the Myers-Briggs personality types of extravert, intuitive, thinking, and judging (ENTJ). Thes e personality results identify potential careers and occupations, communication types, and partner compatibility information. The research will describe the validity of each personality trait and the characteristics associated with the personality of ENTJ. Additionally, the research is beneficial for my career to gain an understanding of how I can apply my strengthsRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Personality Test1278 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Myers-Briggs personality test was created; to understand diversity and help us learn and become better individuals to the world at large. This paper evaluates the results of my Myers-Briggs test and how it applies in my personal life and career. Furthermore, I discuss what I have learned and how it it would benefit me in the future. ïÆ' ¼Needs work The Myers-Briggs personality test is designed to categorize human personality and behavior. Based on Carl Jung’s theory, Katherine C. Briggs and herRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Personality Test768 Words   |  4 PagesLindsey Osbon Mrs. Brennan English II H - 6th 5 September 2014 Lindsey Madison Osbon: The Supervisor Who would have known that four letters can describe a person in complete detail! The Myers Briggs Personality Test can explain your own personality better than you ever thought you could. My personality falls under ESTJ, which stands for extraverted, sensing, thinking, judging. ESTJ s are usually hard workers that use logic and tradition to complete things efficiently while staying organizedRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Personality Test1343 Words   |  6 Pagesour personality type and temperament allows us to leverage our strengths and to recognize areas of weakness. This can also be extended to our interactions with others, so that we attempt to recognize the personality and temperaments of those around us, i.e. Typewatching, in order to facilitate more efficient and effective communication. In so doing, we can become better employees, managers, spouses, children, and, ultimately, for the Christian, more like Christ. The Myers-Briggs Personality TestRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Pe rsonality Test1478 Words   |  6 Pagesweek of class, we were asked to complete the Myers Briggs Personality test, and then to read up on our results. Once I had completed the typology â€Å"test†, I received my results in the form of four letters: INTJ, and afterwards, I decided to view what the four letters represented. Likewise, once I had begun to read the explanation provided by the website, I found that I was agreeing with several of the sentiments, as I felt it not only described my personality to near perfection, but also for the reasonRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Personality Test1166 Words   |  5 Pagesdevices attempt to tell us our personalities, or our combination of traits and behaviors that make up who we are. However, psychologists today deviate from those unsubstantiated methods and have concocted various personality tests that give us a better understanding of who we are. One such test is called the Myers-Briggs personality test. Based on theories by Carl Jung, but primarily created by Isabel Briggs Myers and her mother, Katharine Cook Briggs, the test gives people a standardized surveyRead MoreMyer Briggs Personality Test : Myer1516 Words   |  7 Pages Myer-Briggs Personality Test When taking the Myer-Briggs personality test I was somewhat nervous about my results because I was learning about myself answering the questions even before I completed the assessment. My results for the personality assessment were INFJ which means introverted intuitive feeling judging. According to the humanmetrics article, INFJs are distinguished by both their complexity of character and the unusual range and depth of their talents. The article also suggests theyRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Personality Test2071 Words   |  9 PagesThe Myers-Briggs Personality Test is discussed in two steps. In Step 1, the results of my Myers-Briggs Personality test are discussed while going into detail about each letter. Real life examples are provided for context of each letter. The weaknesses of each letter are also discussed. In Step 2, the lessons learned about how it relates to organizational behavior and to my specific organization are discussed. Project 1: Myers-Briggs Personality Test Discussion The Myers-Brigg Typology test is designedRead MoreMyers Briggs Personality Test : Evaluation997 Words   |  4 Pagesweek’s assignment will focus on Myers-Briggs personality test, which will include results from the Jung typology test. I have learned that my Jung Typology results is a ENTJ which put me in the Executive type of leadership position. ENTJ I will discuss ENTJ personality as a whole and the meaning of each letter within the results. Finally I will touch up on what I have learned as a whole and how to improve myself within my organization. ENTJ ENTJ according to Myers-Briggs are naturally born leaders and

David McCullough free essay sample

McCullough talks about the paltry and considerable wars and the commands from both sides leaving out no details. McCullough brought numerous aspects into this book that various non- action books cannot achieve. 1776 is filled with umpteen details that help make the book more clear and visible to the mind. Starting on the first page, there are stellar details describing this halcyon setting. The day was cool, but clear skies and sunshine, a rarity in London, brightened everything, and the royal cavalcade, spruced and polished, shone to Weather its gossip from General Howe (267) or about a play teasing famous leaders (75) McCullough leaves out no juicy fun facts from that time period that most people do not know, which helps make the book further interesting. One sough aspect that McCullough successfully avoided was dragging on one topic to the point where it gets tedious and uninteresting, which helps make the book effortless to read. We will write a custom essay sample on David McCullough or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Like everything the book also has flaws to it. I personally do not like history so I did not savor 1 776 as much as I would a book of my choice. The Revolutionary War is not a favorite time period of mine that would pick a book to read about, which is an issue to anyone. Not knowing the key points of the war could also make the book slightly confusing and the plot a bit vague. The details given are swell but so many people and places are given tit so many details which makes ifs tough to understand whats essential to the overall plot.I would not recommend 1776 by David McCullough because myself didnt enjoy the book much. If someone didnt know the time period well or was uninterested in the topic such as myself, they wouldnt grasp it or find it interesting and entertaining to read. The majority of people enjoy novels or fictional books and do not care much for books based on facts. If I knew the person liked history than I would recommend it, but for the general public I do not. 1776 By Near-Chorine

Overall Equipment Effectiveness Definition free essay sample

ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD TOOLS DOWN: OVERALL EQUIPMENT EFFECTIVENESS (OEE) What is Tools Down? An activity where certain tools or knowledge is shared with a person or group of people with the intent to upskill those people in the usage of the tool or develop deep understanding of how the tool is utilized ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD 2 OVERALL EQUIPMENT EFFECTIVENESS (OEE) ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD 3 Definition OEE is used to measure plant performance against its limit and identify sources of loss within the plant. It measures how well we use the equipments when they are available. ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD 4 To understand OEE better is to understand OEE waterfall chart†¦ y External factors Category 3* -i. e. , lack of demand, lack of feed, lack of storage and other external downtime Slowdown S2 – Slowdown (external upstream) S3 – Slowdown (external downstream) S4 – Slowdown (Others/ force majoure) Not Normal Plant Operations 2a* Debottle necking 2b* Revamp/ Rejuvenation Formula: This model is based on the latest OEE concept approved and endorsed during 36 th OPI Working Group Meeting and 61st Plant Managers Meeting. We will write a custom essay sample on Overall Equipment Effectiveness Definition or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page * As per the IPWE classification of downtime ** As per the OPI definition for OEE calculation *** In cases where the MSR is lower than Nameplate Capacity, Nameplate Capacity will be used instead of MSR ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD Maximum Sustainable Rate*** OEE Turnaround (DOSH requirements) Net Production (x) Adjusted Capacity (y) Adjusted Capacity** Normal Plant Operations 1a* Scheduled downtime (excluding Turnaround) Available Capacity** Normal Plant Operations 1b* Unscheduled downtime 1c – Consequential downtime Slowdown S1 – Slowdown (internal) x Net Production** Quality (Reject or off spec. ) Gross Production** Indirect losses Availability losses Productivity losses Quality losses 5 5 What is Maximum Sustainable Rate (MSR)? Maximum Sustainable Rate (MSR): OPU specifies its respective MSR for a period based on the highest daily throughput or production rate sustained over 30 consecutive days. In cases where the MSR is lower than Nameplate Capacity, Nameplate Capacity will be used instead of MSR. ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD 6 External factors – Indirect losses ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD Maximum Sustainable Rate Category Not Normal Plant Operations Category 2* Downtime Definition Debottlenecking Revamp/Rejuvenation Lack of economic feedstock Economics Lack of storage Others Slowdown (external upstream) Slowdown (external downstream) Slowdown (Other/Force Majeure) 2a 2b 3a External Factors Category 3* Downtime Category S* Slowdown 3b 3c 3d S2 S3 S4 7 Internal factors – Downtime (Availability losses) Turnaround Category Turnaround Normal Plant Operations Category 1b 1c Normal Plant Operations Category 1a Definition ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD Adjusted Capacity 1a 1b 1c Planned downtime Unplanned downtime Consequential downtime 8 Internal factors – Slowdown (Productivity losses) ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD Available Capacity Category Category S1 Definition Slowdown (Internal) S1 9 Internal factors – Slowdown (Quality losses) ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD Gross Production Net Production Category Quality loss Definition Quality Reject, offspec, flaring (Not applicable to EPEMSB) Official production as recorded by Production Planner 10 Recap†¦ y External factors: Downtime 3a – Lack of economic feedstock 3b – Economics 3c – Lack of storage 3d Others Slowdown S2 – Slowdown (external upstream) S3 – Slowdown (external downstream) S4 – Slowdown (Others/ force majoure) Not Normal Plant Operations 2a Debottle necking 2b Revamp/ Rejuvenation Formula: OEE Turnaround Net Production (x) Adjusted Capacity (y) ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD Maximum Sustainable Rate Normal Plant Operations 1a Scheduled Normal Plant downtime Operations (excluding Turnaround) 1b Unscheduled downtime 1c – Consequential downtime Adjusted Capacity Available Capacity Slowdown S1 – Slowdown (internal) x Net Production Quality (Reject , off spec. or flaring) Gross Production Indirect losses Availability losses Productivity losses Quality losses 11 11 OTHER PERFORMANCE KPIs ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD 12 Other performance KPIs Besides OEE, there are FIVE other KPIs that EPEMSB track, monitor and analyze: ? Production volume (net production) ? Utilization ? Reliability ? Operational Availability ? Mechanical Availability ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD 13 Production Volume Production volume is without doubt the most important KPI to be tracked and reported at various levels of management Typically reported in metric ton (MT) or kilometric ton (kMT) Official production volume is reported by planners Official production volume is taken from 1st to 1st of every month ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD 14 Utilization z Utilization External factors: Downtime 3a – Lack of economic feedstock 3b – Economics 3c – Lack of storage 3d Others Slowdown S2 – Slowdown (external upstream) S3 – Slowdown (external downstream) S4 – Slowdown (Others/ force majoure) Not Normal Plant Operations 2a Debottle necking 2b Revamp/ Rejuvenation Formula: Net Production (x) Maximum Sustainabl e Rate (z) ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD Maximum Sustainable Rate Turnaround Normal Plant Operations 1a Scheduled Normal Plant downtime Operations (excluding Turnaround) 1b Unscheduled downtime 1c – Consequential downtime Adjusted Capacity Available Capacity Slowdown S1 – Slowdown (internal) x Net Production Quality (Reject , off spec. or flaring) Gross Production Indirect losses Availability losses Productivity losses Quality losses 15 15 Reliability Reliability is used to determine the impact of unscheduled downtime over mission time*. Formula: Re liability 1 UnscheduledDowntime(Category b) 1 TotalTime ScheduledD owntime(Category a) 1 r simply R = 1– ( TT – P ) U Mission Time = Total Time – Scheduled Downtime Total time = Total number of calendar days ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD 16 Operational Availability Operational Availability is used to determine the impact of all downtime (excluding slowdown). Formula: Operationa lAvailability 1 Downtime(Categories ,2,3) 1 TotalTime or simply OA = 1 â₠¬â€œ ( E+U+P TT ) Total time = Total number of calendar days ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD 17 Mechanical Availability Mechanical Availability is used to determine the impact of scheduled and unscheduled downtime. Formula: MechanicalAvailability 1 Downtime(Category a 1b) 1 TotalTime or simply OA = 1 – ( U+P TT ) Total time = Total number of calendar days ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD 18 Volume-based vs. Time-based Take note that: Volume, OEE Utilization – Volume-based Reliability, Operational Availability Mechanical Availability – Time-based ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD 19 END OF PRESENTATION ETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD POLYETHYLENE MALAYSIA SDN BHD 20

Learn About Indias Seven Union Territories

Learn About India's Seven Union Territories India is the worlds second most populous country in the world and the country occupies most of the Indian subcontinent in southern Asia. It is the worlds largest democracy and is considered a developing nation. India is a federal republic and is broken down into 28 states and seven union territories. Indias 28 states have their own elected governments for local administration whereas the union territories are administrative divisions which are controlled directly by the federal government by an administrator or lieutenant-governor who is appointed by the President of India. The following is a list of Indias seven union territories organized by land area. Population numbers have been included for reference as have capitals for the territories which have one. Indias Union Territories 1) Andaman and Nicobar Islands Area: 3,185 square miles (8,249 sq km) Capital: Port Blair Population: 356,152 2) Delhi Area: 572 square miles (1,483 sq km) Capital: none Population: 13,850,507 3) Dadra and Nagar Haveli Area: 190 square miles (491 sq km) Capital: Silvassa Population: 220,490 4) Puducherry Area: 185 square miles (479 sq km) Capital: Puducherry Population: 974,345 5) Chandigarh Area: 44 square miles (114 sq km) Capital: Chandigarh Population: 900,635 6) Daman and Diu Area: 43 square miles (112 sq km) Capital: Daman Population: 158,204 7) Lakshadweep Area: 12 square miles (32 sq km) Capital: Kavaratti Population: 60,650 Reference Wikipedia. (7 June 2010). States and Territories of India - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_territories_of_India

A Modest Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Modest Proposal - Essay Example There needs to be an intervention that raises awareness on the current situation the region is facing. This might assist the people identify what they need to do in order to salvage their region from heading further downstream. This paper will examine one intervention that helps the region identify their problems and why they need to solve them. In A Modest Proposal, the author claims to want to assist the deteriorating state of the Irish. He, however, does this by lashing out at the prominent people in society who look at the current situation and do nothing about it (Swift 48). Politicians, the wealthy, and the society do nothing to aid in the reduction of the state of impoverishment in the region. He even goes as far as attacking the English community for their tyranny against the Irish. All these are characteristics of people who take it upon themselves to make a change as they see fit. Their condition is not aided by the fact that, many of the people are able to work and feed th eir families. Begging on the street by a large number of the female sex is proof enough that the condition is beyond salvaging (Swift 50). One cannot help but feel sorry for the impoverished state of the Irish community. It is not fair to lash out at one group and blame it for the lamentable state of the nation. Everyone is to blame for this situation. The Irish, the English, and the masses are responsible for not taking care of their own problems. The people in the region are incapable of rising to the occasion, and helping themselves out of this predicament (Swift 55). This should not be the behaviour of free-minded individuals. This mode of thinking does not ensure a nation’s prosperity in any way. Thinking like that ensures that a nation and its people remain backward. It renders them incapable of solving problems on their own. The social and economic ills the nation face makes people despair. In his proposal, the irony in the solution, the author offers the people shows of this despair. No progress can be attained through such means. It is barbaric and more backward in thinking that killing infants for food is a means to an end. The humanitarian crisis the people face cannot be aided through scientific theories or methods (Swift 57). The only way to avert such a crisis is not through proposals that people should watch the number of children they conceive. It is only through guidance that the nation could get down from the squabbles of poverty and social corruption. Values and motivation need addressing so that individuals may recognize what they are up against. This is in their fight against their current conditions. The political inefficiency in the region prevents people from achieving their full potential. This is in terms of problem solving crisis they face. The political bodies cannot help in addressing the plight of the people, which makes the region more sad and pitiful. Progress among a people can only be measured by how much everyone is th riving. If only a selected few are making it, then that is not progress; whether economic or social. The region is stuck at one point where everyone is feeling the pressure of the large number of people in the area who cannot assist themselves (Swift 58). The current working/labour force is also in jeopardy. There is the need to focus energy on all these areas so as to force the land to move forward with no partiality. In

The Great Migration, Cause and Effect Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Great Migration, Cause and Effect - Essay Example The first great wave of migration began during the period of World War I. The manufacture of war supplies had demanded increased production while the draft, and disruption of immigration, left the factories short of much needed labor. As the pool of labor dwindled, companies began to look elsewhere for workers to fill the positions. The southern African-American population made up a substantial resource for unskilled workers and northern companies made extraordinary efforts to recruit them. Companies sent agents to the South and offered the African-Americans high paying jobs, transportation north, and housing arrangements upon arrival at their new location (Crew). The economic and social climate in the South during this period made the offers too good to resist and set off the first great wave of migration. The opportunity for greater wealth was a powerful motivation for the migration during the war. Blacks were leaving behind the rural life they knew to seek a new destiny. Many were leaving behind their families, wives, and children with the hope of creating a better future, and the opportunity for more money did not disappoint them. While most laborers in the South were earning little more than $2,00 per week, a letter published in 1919 explains to his friends back home, "Never pay less than $3.00 per day [...] Remember this is the very lowest wages. Piece work men can make from $6 to $8 per day " ("Don[']t Have to Mister"). Spurred by these tales of high pay, people left behind their social ties and the only way of life they knew with the promise of one day sending for those they left behind. If money had been the only factor, their decision to leave might have been more difficult, but there were other considerations in the South. The social and political climate in the South made the African-Americans even more eager to leave their rural way of life. The constitutional amendments passed after the Civil War that were to protect the rights of blacks were largely ignored in the South. Local laws, hostile prejudice, and Jim Crow laws left them vulnerable to violence, imprisonment, and death. The economics of sharecropping had also taken its toll on the farm workers. Bad crops, low prices, and unpredictable weather had left most of them in debt to the white landowners (Crew). By 1910, emancipation had a hollow meaning and the living condition of the former slaves were no better than they had been 50 years earlier. Migrating north offered them an escape from the ever-present oppression and the economic means to finally carve out their own identity. It is estimated that by 1919, the number of Blacks that had migrated north numbered near 1 million. Most settled in the industrial cities such as Chicago, Detroit, Washington DC, and Pittsburgh. Many of the new arrivals found the promise of better pay and human dignity a reality and were pleasantly surprised to find that the letters they read from people who had migrated before them had been accurate about the opportunities for work. They also enjoyed a new sense of identity, in a new place with attitudes more sensitive to their condition. In a letter dated 1917, a worker in Philadelphia expresses the simple joy of even the most modest