Government Administration Final Paper Synopsis On...

Government Administration Final Paper: Synopsis on Government and Student Conducted Meetings Meetings are universally common among people, whether it’s a council, school, club, job, community or government gathering. People assemble in groups to discuss plans for the future, issues, solutions and they also reflect on previous experiences. Although meetings convene for the same purpose, initiating and engaging in a government meeting could be different from sitting in for a local community meeting. The village of Pleasantville’s board meetings with the village’s trustees and mayor is conducted similarly to Pace’s Student Government meetings and the Pace Community meetings, yet each meeting differs by serving their specific and targeted community for their own purpose. The village of Pleasantville conducts public board meetings every second and fourth Monday of each month. On rare occasions, for further discussion on serious issues or concerns of Pleasantvil le, the village board will conduct meetings—like a public hearing—on other weekdays. These meetings are located in the conference room on the second floor of the Pleasantville Police Station building. The village board consists of four trustees—Steven Lord, Mindy Berard, Colleen Griffin Wagner and Joseph Stargiotti—a mayor—Peter Scherer—a village clerk—Judith Weintraub—and the village administrator—Patricia Dwyer. 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Why Is Psychology An Androcentric Discipline - 1733 Words

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Income Tax Assessment Act 1997-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Can Robyn be taxed on any part of her salary, from Victoria University, in Australia for the 2016/17 tax year and any other years she acts as coordinator in Calcutta. Fully explain your answer. 2.Determine what amounts will form part of Pauls assessable income for the 2016/17 taxation year. Answers: 1.Issue The major issue is to determine whether the taxpayer Robyn from Victoria University would be taxed as per Australian tax law for the tax year 2016/17. Law The tax liability on the derived income of taxpayer mainly depends on the tax residency position. When a taxpayer is termed as Australian tax resident, then the income derived from domestic (Australian) source and from international sources would be taxed as highlighted in Section 6-5(2), ITAA 1997[1]. Further, when the taxpayer is foreign tax resident then only the part of income which is derived from Australian sources would be held for taxation as per the highlights of Section 6-5(3), ITAA 1997[2]. Therefore, it is critical aspect to find the tax residency position of underlying taxpayer. Section (1), ITAA 1936, comprises imperative provisions related to the tax residency status of individual taxpayer. Further, in order to determine the tax residency position of taxpayer tax ruling TR 98/17[3] would be taken into consideration. When the taxpayer is residing in other country rather than Australia then the tax residency positions would be determined based on residency tests. There are four main tests (Residency tests) describe in the TR 98/17 which comprises the requisite conditions that needs to be satisfied by the concerned taxpayer in order to recognized as Australia tax resident. It is essential that taxpayer must fulfill the conditions of at least one of residency test[4]. Residency tests and their applicability are as given below: Tests Residency Tests Applicability 1. Resides Test Foreign Residents 2. Superannuation Test Australian Governments officers 3. Domicile Test Australian Residents 4. 183 day Test Foreign Residents Determination of tax residency position when the taxpayer is foreign resident[5] Resides Test There is no direct law or ruling available in Australian tax law, which describes the actual meaning and implication of word Resides. Hence, the relevant case law and their verdicts are taken into consideration in order to decide the tax residency through this test. Moreover, the main factors considered by the tax authorities are as highlighted below[6]: Purpose of visits and abode in Australia Frequency of visits Presence of any personal/professional/educational tie with Australia Social arrangement of taxpayer with Australia Also, the nationality of the taxpayer would be taken into account while deciding the tax residency status for the given tax year. 183-day test When the taxpayer who is foreign resident and has stayed in Australia, then the following conditions need to be satiated by the taxpayer in order to pass this test. Taxpayer has stayed in Australia for minimum 183 days in the given assessment tax year Taxpayer must has strong will to permanently settle in Australia Superannuation test When the government of Australia has sent their officers to overseas in order to fulfill the government duties, then this test is used to check the tax residency of officer taxpayer. It is essential that the taxpayer has systematic and steady contribution in any of the superannuation scheme of Australian government. These schemes are as given below: Commonwealth Superannuation Scheme (CSS) Public Sector Superannuation Scheme (PSSS) Domicile test The taxpayer must satisfied the following two conditions of domicile test in regards to termed as Australian tax resident irrespective of the fact that taxpayer has resided in foreign land[7]. Taxpayer must hold Australian domicile under the provisions of Domicile Act 1982 Taxpayers permanent abode must located in Australia only (the Levene v, I.R.C.[8] case is the testimony of this condition) When the taxpayer who holds Australian domicile but the permanent abode is located in foreign land, then he/she would be categorized as foreign resident. Therefore, it is imperative to check the location of permanent abode of taxpayer. As per the verdict of Applegate per Franki[9]case, if the taxpayer holds Australian domicile but resides in foreign land for substantial period of time (i.e. atleast 2 years) or having intention to extend the abode than it would be assumed that the permanent place of abode has been shifted from Australia. In such case, the person would not be termed as Australian tax resident. The main features related to the permanent abode of taxpayer are described in the tax ruling IT 2650 and are given below[10]: Difference in the actual and expected abode in foreign land Taxpayers intention to purchase home in foreign country Intention of the taxpayer to make another visits to any other country or to go back to Australia after a definite but substantial time period Total duration of stay in foreign land and willingness to extent the stay Strength of association (professional/private and so forth) with Australia Activity of taxpayer which highlights the intent to make permanent abode in foreign land Application Robyn Rainer is the concerned taxpayer who was working as a lecturer in Victoria University in Australia. The university also conducted business courses in Calcutta University India. Jason Holm who was the coordinator in Calcutta University India has resigned from the job. After his resignation, the university was looking for a lecturer who can go and stay in India and continue the work. Taxpayer who was looking for a career opportunity as a course coordinator has expressed her interest and also gets approved for the post. On January 14, she has joined the Calcutta University India. It is apparent that the taxpayer is neither an Australian government officer nor a foreign resident and hence, superannuation test, 183 day test and resides test are not applicable. Further, she is an Australian resident and therefore, the only valid test is domicile test in order to check the tax residency status of Robyn. Applicable test Domicile test Robyn has Australia domicile. Permanent place of abode needs to be determined as per tax ruling IT 2650. It is apparent from the case facts that she lives in a company owned flat in India. She has also opened a bank account in Indian bank where she has receiving half of her salary. She has rented her flat located in Melbourne for a period of 12 months. She has intention to remain in the position of coordinator in Calcutta as long as the course is conducted in India. Hence, it would be fair to conclude that Robyn has arrived India for a substantial time and thus, her permanent place of abode has shifted from Australian and located in India. Based on the facts, it can be concluded that Robyn fails to pass domicile test because her permanent place of abode is not in Australia. Therefore, her salary would be taxed in Australia for 2016/17. Conclusion It is apparent from the above that the only applicable test is domicile test. Further, the permanent place of abode of taxpayer Robyn is shifted from Australian and hence, during the tax year 2016/17 her permanent place of abode is located in India. Therefore, it is fair to conclude that taxpayer is not an Australian tax resident. Also, she would be categorized as foreign tax resident and thus, the domestic income would be liable for taxation. Therefore, under section 6-5(3), ITAA 1997 her salary from Victoria University would be taxed in Australia for the tax year 2016/17. 2.Issue The central issue is to identify the amounts that would be included as assessable income for Paul for the taxation year 2016/2017 i.e. year ending on June 30, 2017. Law One of the components of assessable income for a taxpayer in Australia is ordinary income as defined by s. 6(5), ITAA 1997. The section defines ordinary income as that derived from ordinary sources. However, the ordinary sources are not defined in the statute and hence the various case laws and ATO rulings are relied on interpreting the various sources that are covered under the ambit of ordinary income. One of the key sources of ordinary income is employment income. Also, the income derived from any business or profession is also included in the fold of ordinary income as apparent from tax ruling TR 98/1. Besides, income received in kind instead of cash would also be included in taxable income as per TR 1999/17. It is noteworthy that there are various general business expenses related deductions that the taxpayer may assess in order to compute the taxable income in accordance with s. 8(1) ITAA 1997. Another critical issue while determination of assessable income arising from business is to determine whether the same should be done on a cash basis (Receipts Basis) or accrual basis (Earnings Basis). In accordance with TR 98/1, the taxpayer ought to choose the method which most appropriately captures the income. For instance, if the money received for clients is non-refundable, then the cash basis is more suitable because irrespective of service provided in the future or not, the money would not be given back and hence it makes sense to book revenues. On the other hand, if the cash collected from customer can be broken into smaller payments for particular milestones and excess payment is refundable, then the earnings method makes more sense for computation of assessable income[11]. Also, with regards to determination of gift, TR 2005/13 is relevant as division 30; ITAA 1997 has been rather silent in this regard. Based on the various case laws, it highlights the four conditions which are needed for a payment to be recognized as gift. These are as follows[12]. There needs to be an ownership transfer in the favor of the transferee. The transfer should be carried out on a voluntary basis. The transferor must not have any reciprocal material expectations from the transferee in exchange for the gift extended. The transfer must arise on account of benefaction. If a given payment fulfills the above criterion, then it would be recognized as gift and no tax would be charged on the same and hence no contribution to assessable income would be made[13]. Application It is apparent from the given facts that Paul is in the business of providing golf classes and hence the income derived from providing these classes would be termed as ordinary income under s. 6(5). Further, with regards to the appropriate means to record assessable income for Paul, the more appropriate means would be accrual basis as it is apparent that for the 12 lessons even though all the money is paid upfront but the same is refundable if the client fails to attend some lessons on a proportionate basis. This implies that for the sum collected for the 12 lessons, there is likelihood that some portion would be refunded to the client in the event client fails to turn up for the lessons. Thus, it is prudent that assessable income from the 12 lessons revenues should only realize the portion for which classes have been provided till June 30, 2017. The revenue for the remaining would be recognized in 2017/2018 as and when the lessons are imparted to the clients. Also, it is noteworthy that payment of $10,000 from Doreen would be recorded as a gift and hence it will not contribute to assessable income. This is because Doreen has paid the amount on a voluntary basis and also because the transfership of ownership has been completed. Further, Doreen by giving the money had no material reciprocal expectations in return and was primarily given as a token of appreciation to her teacher Paul. Additionally, the payment of two students that went into paying for damage to Davids golf buggy would also be part of the assessable income as per TR 1999/17. Conclusion Based on the above discussion, it is apparent that assessable income for Paul would consist of income from lessons on an accrual basis coupled with payment made by the students for making up for the damage caused to Davids golf buggy. References Websites ATO, INCOME TAX ASSESSMENT ACT 1997, https://www.ato.gov.au/law/view/document?DocID=PAC/19970038/6-5 Australian Taxation Office: Taxation Rulings: TR 98/17-Income tax: residency status of individuals entering Australia (25 November 1998), https://www3.austlii.edu.au/au/other/rulings/ato/ATOTR/1998/tr1998-017/ Commonwealth Consolidated Acts: Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 SECT 6.5. https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/itaa1997240/s6.5.html Books Sadiq, Kerrie, et. al., Principles of Taxation Law 2015, (Pymont, Thomson Reuters, 2015) Deutsch, Robert, et. al., Australian tax handbook. (Pymont, Thomson Reuters, 2015) Relevant Statutes Income Tax Assessment Act, 1936 Income Tax Assessment Act, 1997 ATO, INCOME TAX ASSESSMENT ACT 1997, https://www.ato.gov.au/law/view/document?DocID=PAC/19970038/6-5 Commonwealth Consolidated Acts: Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 SECT 6.5 https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/itaa1997240/s6.5.html Australian Taxation Office, TR 98/17-Income tax: residency status of individuals entering Australia [ (25 November 1998), https://www3.austlii.edu.au/au/other/rulings/ato/ATOTR/1998/tr1998-017/ Sadiq, Kerrie, et. al., Principles of Taxation Law 2015, (Pymont,Thomson Reuters, 2015), p.3 Deutsch, Robert, et. al., Australian tax handbook. (Pymont, Thomson Reuters, 2015), p.67-68 Ibid.3. Ibid.4. Levene v, I.R.C. (1928) A.C.2017 Applegate per Franki J 79 ATC at 4314; 9ATR at p. 907 Australian Taxation Office, Taxation Ruling No. IT 2650, (1991) https://www.ato.gov.au/Individuals/Income-and-deductions/Income-you-must-declare/ Ibid.3 [13] Ibid.4.

Michael Eisner Essay Example For Students

Michael Eisner Essay MICHAEL EISNER – â€Å"Common Sense Conflict†Michael Eisner is an American entertainment executive, whose leadership in the 1980s and 1990s revitalized the Walt Disney Company. Born in New York City, Eisner was educated at Denison University, where he studied literature and theater. After graduating in 1964, he worked for six weeks as a clerk at NBC and then briefly in the programming department at CBS. His career crystallized at ABC, which he joined as a programming assistant in 1966 and where he spent the next ten years, ultimately becoming senior vice president of prime-time production and development. Eisners rise through the corporate ranks was paralleled by ABCs leap from third place to first place in the network viewing ratings. In 1976 he was named president and CEO of Paramount Pictures. During his eight-year tenure the motion-picture studio moved from last place to first place among the six major studios. In 1984 Eisner left Paramount to become chairman and c hief executive of Walt Disney Productions (renamed the Walt Disney Company in 1986). Eisner admired Walt Disney and was especially interested in childrens programming and family entertainment. The companys success included several feature-length animated films in the Disney tradition. Michael Eisner was an optimistic person and he was well known for being a genius in creativity. He has made Disney a company that is built on a strong combination of institutionalized creativeness that constantly produces potent ideas, and also having common sense. One question that we must ask ourselves is how does Michael Eisner have such good leadership. Well as he describes in his interview, he says that being a leader requires 4 main parts: being an example, being there, being a nudge and finally being an idea generator. There are many things that I agree upon in Michael Eisner’s way of having leadership in a company. One thing that I strongly agree on is that he has situated his company in being an â€Å"idea generator†, which to me is so powerful in a company. When setting your company to be an â€Å"idea generator†, you must have a loose environment so people are not afraid to speak their thoughts and ideas. He strongly encourages this type of behavior within his company. From seeing this way of leadership also shows me that the culture at Walt Disney is fun oriented, exciting and loose. Having this type of culture in an organization to me is so much better and it makes people motivated to work and also helps them get through the rough times. When you have a strict culture with a million rules, I see that it affects the whole organization and it makes the internal employees not perform as well as they should. At Walt Disney world, they are entertaining people so their culture is set in being energized, fun and exciting. Having this type of culture also bring more people into the company and these talented individuals may have the next million-dollar i dea. One of Eisner’s ways of getting people to be idea-generators was by having systems called the â€Å"gong show† and â€Å"charettes†. These two systems were great ways to get people to speak their thoughts and generate ideas. They would meet once a week and people would say ideas and they would get reactions from other people at the meeting. Having these two systems was a good way for people in an organization to know one another and how they tend to operate. Also, it is one way for an organization to become big and successful. One of the things I don’t agree with in Eisner’s style of being an idea generator is how these meetings are driven with long hours, and sometimes being day after day. He would put everybody in the same room for ten to twelve hours or even for a couple of days. He feels the longer the better and the more excruciating the better. I can’t see basically torturing people in one room for hours at a time thinking that it is going to help generate ideas. I feel that these meeting should have been broken up differently. They should have had meetings three times a week instead of one big one every week. This way everything was spread out and people don’t get bored, angry, tired, hungry or eager to leave. If you have people eager to leave you’re meeting that shows that they are not into being an idea generator or they are not performing the way that they should. Eisner feels that having long meetings is a way to force ideas out and then they can be tweaked, changed, refined and hopefully improved. This is true, but this can be done through having shorter meetings and having them more frequent. Having people in a meeting being worn out and burnt out to me does not show good ideas are being generated. .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf , .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf .postImageUrl , .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf , .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf:hover , .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf:visited , .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf:active { border:0!important; } .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf:active , .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u534657a4a107b986f55ec90a11e06acf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Recycling Essay Leading by an example is so important in a organization because you become a role model to people and the more positive you are the more positive your organization will be in their performance and making things happen. I totally agree with Michael Eisner because when leading by an example you also show enthusiasm and loyalty to the institution. By showing this type of leadership, enhances demanding excellence in the organization. The essence of setting the example is to remember that wherever you are, whatever you are doing, imagine that a Scout in your group is taking a mental picture of you when you are least aware of it and that will be the one image that sticks in his or her mind. Every leader has a special responsibility to set a positive example. As a leader, those you work with constantly watch you and mimic you, this also has an effect on your companies success. Being there is so important as well because you always should be there for your employees. I agree with Eisner when he says you need to be in the same room with them, look them in the eyes and here their voices. This is a major part on your decision making as a leader. Especially in creative companies like Disney, you need to be able to read certain body language and look into people’s eyes to determine their ideas and how involved they are with their ideas. But companies like Disney, is large and it is frustrating to a leader that you can’t be there for everyone so that is why you need a team of leaders running the organization, which is what Michael Eisner has. He has leaders in every division of his company and they all gel together. What makes an organization great is the quality of that leadership that is spread out across the top and not just the very top. Eisner says that he focuses on the 40 people that he interacts with everyday. That is good because it shows t o those people that you truly care about them and they feel wanted. The other leaders in the organization focus on other groups of people. Disney’s management teams are always moving around the entire world but they stay focused on what is most important to them. Eisner says that he wishes that he could be there for every signal person in his organization whenever someone needed help. But unfortunately, that can’t happen but that just goes to show you how committed Michael Eisner is and also why he is so powerful as a leader. To me, being a nudge in an organization can be an ok thing, but at the same time it is very disturbing to employees. Eisner feels that being a nudge constantly reminds people of their ideas and what they need to do. That is true but the way he inputs it into the organization can be very frustrating to others. Eisner says that he does not keep many notes, which he should because that way you know at all times what needs to be done today and also what may need to be done in a week. Business Reports

Adults living with Crohns Disease essays

Adults living with Crohn's Disease essays Crohn's disease is a chronic, nonspecific, idiopathic gastrointestinal inflammatory disease first reported by Dr. Burrill Bernard Crohn in 1932 (Chen, 2000). Crohn's disease can attack any part of the digestive system from the mouth to the anus (Figure I), but most commonly affects the lower portion of the small intestine or the colon. Crohn's disease is a lifelong condition that may move in and out of remission. It presents with multiple complications, both from the disease process itself and from the drugs taken to induce remission. In persons with Crohn's disease, the gastrointestinal tract becomes inflamed and weak, making digestion difficult, leading to a variety of conditions often resulting in general physical debility (Life Extension, 2003). Crohn's disease affects men and women equally and seems to run in some families. About 20 percent of people with Crohn's disease have a blood relative with some form of Intestinal Bowel Disease (IBD) (NDDIC, 2003). Crohn's disease usually begins before age 35, with peak incidence between 14-24 (Chen, 2000). Although patients can treat the symptoms of Crohns Disease, at the present there is no cure, nor definitive cause. The most popular theory is that Crohns is an autoimmune response to a virus or bacterium causing inflammation (NDDIC, 2003). Inflammation occurs when the body's own immune system attacks a part of the intestine, further resulting in thinning of the bowel wall, leading to scarring, thickness, abnormal bowel function, and malabsorption of nutrients. Therefore, suppression of the inflammation is key to decreasing the injurious effects that the immune system inflicts on the Crohn's patient (Life Extension, 2003). The most common symptoms of Crohn's disease usually begin with ulcerations of the mouth, abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, rectal bleeding, anorexia and weight loss. As inflammation continues, patients may develop a palpable right lower quad...

Top Pointers For Writing Proper Diagnostic Essays

Top Pointers For Writing Proper Diagnostic Essays Diagnostic Essay: Pointers for a Successful Essay A diagnostic essay aims at enlightening the strengths and weaknesses of the student to the teachers so that they can be assisted accordingly, and shape the curriculum altogether. They are mostly administered at the beginning of a term or a semester. For a diagnostic essay, the students are not expected to excel, but rather express the skills and knowledge they have currently, and how they can use them accordingly. This test follows the standard five-paragraph essay format; the introduction, three body paragraphs, and the conclusion.   All the students are given the same topic to write about, although at given instances, you are provided with two or three topics to choose from. Since diagnostic essays are time-bound, you are required to have a well-thought plan in your mind regarding what you are about to tackle. This involved awarding enough time to brainstorm your topic, think it over, write the essay to your best knowledge, and finally proofread your work before submitting it. Writing the introduction The introduction is an integral part of your essay as it highlights ideas that the reader expects as he or she reads through your work from the start to the end. You should begin working on your introduction, only if you have completely understood your topic of discussion, brainstormed it, and you have substantial ideas that are to be presented in your main body paragraphs. In simple terms, make an effort of being conversant with what you are introducing. It is a creative approach to first paraphrase the topic of discussion given to write about. After this, you need to come up with three essential points that will be expounded on and supported with relevant information in your body paragraphs. You are to introduce them in your introductory paragraph briefly. For instance, if you were to write about the hardest encounters you have had in your life, do not place your focus on only one decision. You can present three variables and accord them a scope. So, each paragraph of your main body will be associated with each alternative you have come up with. The end of your introduction should be made of the thesis statement, which is the main idea of your diagnostic essay. Writing the main body As mentioned earlier, the main body of your diagnostic essay should be made up of three paragraphs. Each paragraph should represent one of the three key ideas you mentioned in the introductory paragraph. At this stage, you are to expound on them and back each with its related information to give it credibility. The first body paragraph should be the sturdiest of them all.   For example, using the topic on the hardest encounter of your life, the first paragraph should talk about which was your hardest encounter, as per your point of view. Use the elements that support your point of consideration from your thesis statement to give the reader reason as to why you consider that particular encounter as the hardest. The second body paragraph should talk about the second hardest encounter of your life.   Use the information that supports your point of consideration from your thesis statement, to give the reader your reason for considering this particular encounter as your second hardest. The third paragraph is the least hard of the three encounters. You should convince the reader why you still considered this encounter as one of your hardest, bearing in mind it is the third on your list. As required, apply the information that supports your point of consideration from your thesis statement, and explain to the reader your reason for putting that particular encounter as your third hardest encounter. Writing the conclusion A good essay requires a well-articulated conclusion. You should, however, remember that your essay is under limited time and you need to end your essay with a captivating overview. This is the reason why a diagnostic essay should be brief.   The main idea here is to give the reader an impression the whole topic has been fully addressed. If your question was from a prompt, make sure that you have answered the provided question.   Keep in mind that you are not allowed to introduce new information in your conclusion paragraph. Your conclusion should consist of your restated thesis statement, and an outline of the main points that you have provided an argument for in your body paragraph. For instance; relating to our example, list your three hardest encounters, list the supporting reasons describing why you think some encounters are harder than the others and conclude a statement that describes why a particular encounter was the hardest. The outline for a diagnostic essay To summarize what we have learned, below is a brief outline for a diagnostic essay: Introduction Restated topic or prompt The main points Thesis statement The most important point of discussion The second most important point of discussion The third most important point of discussion Conclusion: a list of the main points discussed and the solution to the prompt provided. Proofread your essay With the limit in time for writing the essay, you will probably write your work hastily. This will make your work vulnerable to mistakes such as those in grammar, punctuation, and spellings. Even though your diagnostic essay will not be graded, you still need to ensure that your work can be read and interpreted as you intended. For this reason, ensure that you spare some time to go through your essay and do the necessary corrections before submitting it. Be sure to follow the structural outline required or provided to ensure your work has a logical flow of ideas. Also, avoid padding your work (filling it up with unnecessary words).

Classic Airlines Benchmarking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Classic Airlines Benchmarking - Essay Example The analysis of the Toyota Motor Corporation’s management style and policies applied by it, could prove to be valuable in analyzing the case of Classic Airlines. Generic Benchmarking—The purpose of generic benchmarking is to identify potential solutions to the problem statements defined in Task A. You will do this by looking at how companies in other industries have dealt with similar issues. The Toyota Motor Sales Inc. (USA), headed by Jim Cookie – the national facilities operations manager, initiated concrete steps to revive its old management policies and adopted a new performance based facilities management approach which focused on the customer relationships so as to enable it to meet all needs and expectations of its customers. This new management approach, launched about 3 years back, ensured that the managers spent more time with the customers and was hugely successful, and translated into nearly $10 million in savings over the first five years of its launch. Toyota’s operations in North America comprise of a geographically diverse area, with several business units and branches spread across the length and breadth of the country and hence the company focused on their customer needs and expectations in order to attain optimum levels of customer satisfaction. â€Å"In a large corporation with multiple business units, marketing may be called on to assess consumer trends as an aid to corporate planning. At the business unit level, marketing may be asked to provide leadership in developing a new, integrated customer service program across all business units† (Kerin et al, 2006, ch.2, pp.7). a. Prior to initiating the new management plan, the company initiated measures to assess the needs and expectations of all its customers so as to have a better understanding of the composition of its customers and fulfill those needs and desires to

Experts Connection Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Experts Connection - Research Paper Example Administrators of special education programs need to be aware of the issues in special education so as to deal with them effectively. Special education programs are designed to cater for the needs of students with sensory or physical disabilities, emotional difficulties, behavioral difficulties, communication problems, medical/health conditions and learning difficulties (Simpson & Sonja, 2009). There are many issues in special education programs. They include legal issues, funding issues and personnel issues among others (Pardini, 2002). It is important for administrators of special education programs to comprehend these issues so as to effectively manage the programs and deal with problems that may arise. These administrators of special education programs that serve students who receive special education services should be aware of all the potential issues that may face the programs. Administrators of special education programs are faced with numerous legal issues. There are laws that are designed to protect the rights of learners with disabilities. These legislations should be clear to the administrators of special education programs so that they can be able to comply with the law when managing special education programs and serving the educational needs of students with special needs. An example of such legislation is the Individuals with Disabilities Education (IDEA) Act which is meant to ensure education for children with disabilities in public schools in the most conducive environment (Cortiella, 2009). The law stipulates that special designed instructions and services should be provided to all students with special needs and disabilities. Another example is the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act, under which all educational programs in the US are governed. The laws governing special education do so at both state and federal

Rootkits Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Rootkits - Research Paper Example ghted. General Overview of Rootkits and How They Work In definition, rootkits refer to programs that are intentionally made to hinder with system functionality and documentation hence doing away with the information or data which is stored in the computer for different uses. At most of times they are a collection of programs that facilitate spying on people computers (Rimon 1). The major difference existing between rootkits and the worm and virus is that a worm, the likes of the Stuxnet remains or continues attacking the computer system. This means that the worm does not necessary require to attach itself to an obtainable program in the system for its multiplication to occur accordingly (Rimon 1). Viruses, Trojans and worms have since been infecting computers of many user and even different servers that are essential in running electronic businesses. In that sense, fighting viruses and worms has become an issues which needs to be solved through the adoption of the appropriate measure if at all the running, operation of computer system and networking management has to be continued been enjoyed globally. On the other hand discovering/detecting of rootkits is even harder. According to Bidgoli Rootkits can therefore act in some instance as computer viruses or worms (21). Computer viruses and worms affect systems through deleting major documents or files or even putting a stop to website right of entry. The manner in which computer virus and worms attack the system clearly defines how they work (Rimon 1). The current state of computer virus basically is concerned with the Stuxnet worm. This is because the worm appears much different from other worms and virus following the manner in which it works and spreads in the computer system. In definition, the Stuxnet refers to a worm or malware that breaks into the categories of system that manages equipment (Douglas & Sturken 9). This results to permitting an attacker to take for granted control of critical equipments thus interfering with them the way in which it should not be. Generally, the worm originally distributes arbitrarily in the computer system although it involves extremely dedicated malware which multiplies while at the same time interfering with the functionality and performance of the system. The worm spreads into computer systems through various ways, although the most common means of spreading is through e-mail services. Virus and worms work in almost similar ways when it comes to interfering with the computer system (Rimon 1). Viruses characteristically need unsuspecting system users to unintentionally split them. Rimon believes that a number of viruses that are complicated like the Stuxnet worms duplicate and transform themselves mechanically to different computers by calculating different programs like e-mail sharing application (1). This clearly explains the idea that, networking technology is the reason behind major development of threats like worms and viruses which completely interfere with performance and functionality of systems. Other viruses like the Trojans

Infant Attachment To Caregivers Rather Than Mothers Social Work Essay

Infant Attachment To Caregivers Rather Than Mothers Social Work Essay Experience of early childhood attachment is at the base of healthy child development and works as the framework for the intimate relationship with others. The caregiver-child attachment relationship shapes though early pattern of interaction between the caregiver and child. The outcomes of infant attachment considered to be long-term and influences generations of families. According to Bowlby who developed theory of infant-caregiver attachment, attachment security characterizes the confidents of infant in his or her caregiver, and can be observed through how they contact with the caregiver and how they use of the caregiver as a secure base to explore their envrionment. Attachment theory, therefore, has been regarded as the major framework for the research of caregiver-child relationships in infancy, and it also may provide a useful approach for understanding attachment development between other caregivers and infants than mother. A vast body of research from this perspective indicate s that attachment security is an index of parent-child relationship quality that develops largely as a function of parenting behavior. Nonetheless, in spite of a number of researches on mother-child attachment has conducted, we still are unfamiliar with attachment relationships between other caregivers such as a father and adoptive parents. Because of the socioeconomic changes that have occurred in the United States during the past three decades, more mothers, with infants, work outside the home and, in many cases, new roles for fathers within the home increased, and many couples with a variety of reasons decided to adopt children also increased. Therefore, this paper explores whether an infant can develop secure attachment to a caregiver other than their primary caregiver, usually mother, and then how father and foster mother-infant attachment relationship different from ordinary infant-mother relationship. Importantly, sensitivity has been considered as a key predictor for secure caregiver-infant attachment. Despite the fact that the relatively few researches studying the attachment relationship with fathers, some studies on father-child attachment suggests that fathers can give sensitive care, an important factor for developing secure attachment, for their children as much as mothers can; therefore, the level of attachment between father and child seems to be similar to that usually found with mothers (Brown, McBride, Shin Bost, 2007). Moreover, Brown et al. (2007) found that when fathers employed in positive parenting behaviors, father involvement time does not seem to impact on father-child attachment security. That is, children tended to form quite secure attachment relationships despite the fact that whether their fathers were highly involved. When fathers, on the other hand, employed less sensitive parenting, increased father involvement was related to an insecure father-child a ttachment. Therefore, father-child attachment is dependent upon quality of fathersà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ parenting, and increased involvement is better for building attachment only when it accompanied by positive parenting. In addition, another research found that fathers who valued the parental role were more likely to have securely attached infants, but this association was marled only when quality of marriage was high, conceivably because these fathers are more likely to receive helping hand from their partner (Wong, Mangelsdorf, Brown, Neff Schoppe-Sullivan, 2009). Yet interestingly, fathers who valuing the paternal caregiving role might promote secure attachment of temperamentally difficult infants, for such fathers might be more likely to support them with daily caregiving activities and be more adjusted to their infantsà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ emotional needs as well as their other demands. Accordingly, temperamentally difficult infants would be more li kely to build secure attachment to fathers in this circumstance. Even though all adopted children go through a stressful separation from their primary attached figures and are replaced with new attachment figures in the adoptive family, they are also able to develop and become attached to their fostering families. Jeffer and Rosenboom (1997) examined 80 mothers and their infant from all over the world, adopted between at age of 6 month and 8 month olds, in the Strange Situation when infants were 12 and 18 months to evaluate the infant-mother attachment relationship. According to their study, they found more secure infant-mother attachment than insecure attachment relationship as normally expected. The actual proportion of secure attachment was approximately 74%, 46 of 58 infants, at 12 months and 75% at 18 months, so secure attachments observed this research seemed to be stable over time (Juffer Rosenboom, 1997). Another study of attachment between fostering parents and infant also demonstrated that mother-infant attachment quality in middle-clas s adoptive families is similar to the result found in families with only biological children; however, interracial adoption were more likely to have insecure attachment between mother and infant(Singer, 1985). This might be explained by which families who adopt children of a different race than themselves are less likely to receive hearty support from extended family, friends, and neighbors than are families who adopt children of the same race. Higher rates of insecure attachment also have found among infants who were placed to fostering families after spending at least 8 months in a Romanian orphanage. Infants who adopted at an earlier age, by contrast, do not appear to have an elevated rate of insecure attachment to their adoptive parent (Chisholm, 1998). From these results, although adopted age of infants seems to be a critical factor whether they develop secure or insecure attachment to fostering patents, adopted infants appear to be capable of adapting their new parents as a se cure base, and in turn, adoptive parents appear to be sensitive enough so that they can meet the needs of their adopted baby and become a lighthouse as well. Since infants can develop securely attached relationship to other caregivers, the long term effects such as resiliency to new environments and having positive behaviors and expectances are assumed to be similar to which mother-infant relationship likely to have. Even though the overall comparison of attachment in adoptive and non-adoptive families was reasonably similar, the outcome sometimes do not exclude the potential importance of insecure or disrupted post-infancy family relationships as a basis for the adjustment problems of the adoptee. The study noted that as school-age children begin to understand the implications of adoption, including the reality of being relinquished by biological parents, therefore, they often feel confused, uncertain, and insecure regarding their current adoptive family relationship (Singer, 1985). Nonetheless, it seems that the higher occurrence of troubles reported later in life in adoptive families cannot be explained only by early attachment problem s because early secure attachment counteracts to these problems and buffers the negative emotion to some degree. In conclusion, infants can develop secure attachment not only to their mothers but also other caregivers, including fathers and adoptive parents. It seems that infants can become attached to any caregivers, provided that those caregivers interact with them on a regular basis, provide physical and emotional care, and are emotionally invested in the child. Sensitivity plays an important role in development of secure attachment between caregiver and infant; on the other hand, the amount of time parents and children spend together is much less than what they do with that time. The similar positive outcome of secure attachment can be expected to the attachment relationship among father- and adoptive parents-infant. Children are born prepared to form relationships with those who care for them, and those early experiences influence the relationships that they develop within the family and in the greater world outside of the home. Consequently, relationships affect childrenà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s healthy development, and childrenà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s development, in turn, transforms their later fine relationship.

Cruelty In Literature :: essays research papers fc

There are many examples of cruelty in literary works. Literary works such as plays, novels, films, short stories, and poetry. One may believe that cruelty is a way of life. Cruelty is included in great works of literature such as The Crucible, The Scarlet Letter, Bartleby, The Red Badge of Courage, The Last of the Mohicans, Lottery, Dr. Heidigger’s Experiment, Redburn, Angel of Death, Gold Bug, The Tell-tale Heart, and Night. The following is an explanation of the cruelty and the result of it. In the Last of the Mohicans, there are many acts of cruelty displayed. For example, The bad Huron Indian Magma makes the English troops walk right into a war party trap. As a result of this action, The English troops fought every Indian in the war party, but three Mohicans killed most of the Huron. Another example would be when Monroe won’t let the militia go back to the frontier to defend their families. As a result, Nathaniel helped the people who wanted to leave, escape. Another example would be when the Huron Indians killed Uncas. In turn, Alice threw herself off a cliff because she loved him so much. Another example would be when the French told the Huron not to attack the American troops again. As a result, the Huron attack the American troops anyway. Theses various counts of cruelty show that the Huron Indians are a cruel people. In The Red Badge of Courage there also are many acts of cruelty displayed. For example, Henry runs away from battle. In turn, Jim and the rest of the company got wounded and some died. Another example would be when the red coats attacked the Americans. As a result, Henry ran away again. Another example would be when the generals were laughing about the win. In turn, Henry overheard them and thought he was celebrating about something he didn’t help in and was treating the entire war as a game. Another example would be War itself. As a result, Henry gets war fever and runs in front of the line, in a suicide attempt. Another example would be when Henry was asking for help from a running solider, the solider hit Henry with the butt of his rifle. In turn, Henry was knocked out and left for dead. Unlike the Huron, the red coats and their own men are the cruel ones. One of the solider on his side actually strikes Henry, which knocks him out. This movie also illustrates cruelty from a 3rd party, the generals are not involved directly yet cause cruelty. In Bartleby, there are many occurrences of cruelty. For example, Bartleby wouldn’t leave the office. As a result, many people get mad. Another example would be when Bartleby’s old boss moved out of the office. In turn, the new owner came back to his old boss and said get rid

Language Differences: Age Essay

When children are young, apart from natural instincts and biological aspects, their brains are virtually blank slates. Thus, as they develop, their behaviors and speech also develops, depending on their environment. So it is factual, that when they are young, they do not have a properly developed vocabulary, have a lower rate of speech motor control, and have poorer sentence structure and grammar. All these factors play a part in the language difference between, say, a five year old child and a 20 year old adult. Experiment: Speaking to 6 year-old children. Results: Initially it was difficult to get them started to speak to me, as they can prove quite shy. This may be because of their lack of language, ensuing in their lack of confidence. This however varies from child to child. When we did start speaking though, I found myself automatically speaking at a level which they’d understand. I noticed that even though they may have a lot to say about something, they find it hard to express their ideas and communicate with others. I also observed the limited vocabulary used and the occasional stuttering and stumbling with words. Experiment: Speaking to Adults. Results: They tended to be easier to talk to. I noticed that once they began talking and had a clear idea of what they were talking about the words began to flow. Most were quite articulate and used a range of vocabulary. The speech-tempo was also at a steady yet quick pace as well. It was clear that they had more set and direct ideas that they understood more about what they were saying than children did. Therefore, these are the main differences of language between ages. It is proven that as age develops, so do speech qualities.

Lord Alfred Tennyson Essays

Lord Alfred Tennyson Essays Lord Alfred Tennyson Paper Lord Alfred Tennyson Paper Ulysses by Lord Alfred Tennyson I am a part of all that I have met; Yet all experience is an arch wherethro Gleams that untravelld world, whose margin fades For ever and for ever when I move. How dull it is to pause, to make an end, To rust unburnishd, not to shine in use! As tho to breathe were life. Life piled on life Were all too little, and of one to me Little remains: but every hour is saved From that eternal silence Ulysses is a poem by Lord Alfred Tennyson which was written after Tennyson learned about his friends death, and published in Poems in 1842. The given poem and the ten lines presented above are a good example of how form and certain concepts the author uses help him to reflect the meaning of the work and make it clear and easy-understandable. These ten lines speak about living life as fully as possibly and point out the connection of a man with everything and everyone he has ever seen or met. Experience gained during the long life is compared to an arch through which one sees a lot of places unseen and undiscovered yet the more one sees and experiences, the sharper he understands that there is still much more to see and live through. As a whole, the character of Ulysses is used to symbolize the people of the Victorian age. Ulysses got educated through his adventures which also disillusioned him, and can be compared to the Victorian people who got suddenly educated through science but it also made them spiritually empty and hopeless. The message which the figure of Ulysses is expressing is that one should keep on dreaming of greater knowledge and seeking for journey and adventure even if they can be found in death. In the ten lines being analyzed it is obviously seen that the hero remains unfulfilled. And these lines show how Ulysses desire for more experience and adventures is like an endless journey that has no end and there is no hope to fulfil the desire to come to the end. The poet uses allegory and metaphors to underline that living a dull and pointless life is not worth living, but bright, adventurous, and full of challenges and impressions life is what one with no fear should be looking for. A dramatic monologue is the poems structure and enjambment is used to reflect the meaning of the piece. Though in the whole poem the tone is complex because it expresses both past and present life of the main hero, in these ten lines it is encouraging, edifying and, at the same time, confident and even insisting. In this work Tennyson uses one of the most common metrical forms in English literature iambic pentameter, i. e. an unstressed syllable is followed by a stressed one. Iambic pentameter is commonly used in blank verse as well as Tennyson uses it. Hence, the given lines have a regular meter but no rhyme, though they sound rather regular and musical. The blank verse being used is flexible, with both declamatory style and colloquial rhythms employed in it. The poet also uses a lot of active verbs and this concept directs the reader to accept and understand Ulysses reasoning and decision. In general due to their mood and literary peculiarities have been mentioned the given lines create both hopeless and optimistic mood at the same time: they are inconsistent. Ulysses knows his journey will have no end, but still is sure that wrong and pointless would be to stop and stay. It is an allegory about mortality. Bibliography Thomson, Alastair. The Poetry of Tennyson. London and New York: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1986. Mazzeno, Laurence W. Alfred, Lord Tennyson. Critical Survey of Poetry 7 (1992): 3333-3345

Child obesity in the US and Saudi Arabia

Child obesity in the US and Saudi Arabia Previous studies on child obesity have revealed serious prevalence of overweight as well as obesity among children in both countries. National Health and Nutrition Examination 2007-2008 data indicates that 16.9% of children in the US aged 2-19 years suffer from obesity. The data also shows that there was an increase of 6.5%-19.6% among children aged 6-11 years and an increase of 5.0%-18.1% of children aged 12-19 years during the same period (Carroll, Curtin, Flegal, Lamb, Ogden 2010, 243).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Child obesity in the US and Saudi Arabia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The data revealed significant sex and racial disparities of obesity in children with a greater percentage of non-Hispanic blacks more likely to suffer from obesity. On the other hand, a research done by International Obesity Task Force in the period of 1990-2007 showed that children in Saudi Arabia have had an average obesity prevalence of 6.7% among boys and 6.0% among girls aged 1-18 years (Aziz, Jalali-Farahani, Mirmiran, Sherafat-Kazemzadeh 2010, 247). Survey results of the National Center for Health Statistics done in 2000, showed that child obesity in Saudi Arabia averages at about 15.8% for the same age. It is estimated that about 14% of children in Saudi Arabia who are below age 6 are obese (Madani 2000, 1). The child obesity data among all the age groups in the US show that there has been a year-on-year increases in the rates of prevalence (Barnes 2011). The data presented shows a higher prevalence in the US than in Saudi Arabia. There were particular high increases in 1999-2000 and 2003-2004 in the US showing significant and sudden changes in lifestyle. Both countries experience higher levels of prevalence on boys than girls. The trends in both countries are highly associated with socioeconomic status. However, as opposed to the US where children of lower socio-economic and urban clas ses seem to be more likely to be affected, children of high socioeconomic status in Saudi Arabia are the most vulnerable to child obesity. Data that was collected from medical and healthcare institutions also showed that child obesity prevalence is higher among US children than the Saudi Arabian children. It revealed that about 15-17% of children aged 6-11 years and 12-19 years in the US suffered from obesity while about 10.7% of children aged 5-18 years in Saudi Arabia suffered from the same. The survey data revealed that about 18% of children in the US are obese with higher prevalence among boys. On the other hand, the same survey data revealed that Saudi Arabian children had a prevalence rate of about 11.8%. The boys were more likely to be affected by obesity as compared to girls. This implies that there is a high child obesity prevalence rate especially among the children in the US. Besides, the data showed that obesity rate does not decrease with increase in age.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Causes of obesity among children Statistics show that obesity in children in the US is more prevalent among low-income children especially those aged 2-4 years with about 5%-20% of this group being affected. Previous studies also indicate that most of child obesity is the result of caloric imbalance as children tend to eat foods containing more than 1000 calories. Besides, these children live in environments which do not encourage physical activity. This means that calories are not burnt off. Childhood inactivity is highly associated with obesity. Preschool study carried out in 2009 showed that 89% of preschoolers in the US lead a sedentary lifestyle ((Dietz Stern 1999, 23). Childhood obesity results from an interaction between genetic and other factors. 80% of children born from both obese parents are also more likely to be obese as compar ed to 10% of children born from non-obese parents (Kopelman 2005, 82). Psychological problems such as low self-esteem can influence eating habits of those affected. Early introduction of solid food to infants is the major cause of obesity among children below the age of five years. According to Ferry (2011) children are also introduced to high-fat snacks as well as sugary junk food which results to high calories consumption. In addition, most children especially those in urban towns are not trained to develop healthy exercise habits. They spend much time watching television or playing video games. According to (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2011), just a third of school going children in the US get daily physical education. Low socioeconomic status could lead to poor nutrition as most families tend to eat high calorie foods to cater for their high activity level. Genetic factors could also cause obesity although the chances are very minimal unless the child eats more f ood. The survey carried out showed that poor nutrition causes about 34% of the child obesity. 38% of children reported less consumption of vegetables and fruits. Low socioeconomic status highly contributed to poor nutrition among obese children. It also showed that children who watch television or play video games for more than four hours a day are 22% more likely to suffer from obesity. When asked about how often they did exercise, most children responded negatively. However, about 36% said they suffered from obesity because their parents were also obese. How child obesity affect children’s social life Previous studies have discovered that obesity is highly associated with low self-esteem. Decreased self-esteem causes sadness in about 19% of children suffering from obesity. Low self-esteem also causes 21% of them to feel nervous (Strauss 2000, 15). Low self-esteem makes children less confident and therefore they are not able to interact with their peers. They are therefore c ondemned to loneliness. Feelings of depression could make a child to overeat (Goodman Whitaker 2002, 498).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Child obesity in the US and Saudi Arabia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Childhood obesity causes several social problems to the affected children. Obesity could lead to psychosocial problems such as low self-esteem as well as reduced social networking (Gardner 2009). Such children may also suffer from depression due to discrimination and harassment from their peers and family members (Ferry 2011). This could possible cause loneliness in children who are obese. They are therefore likely to develop poor social skills. About 8.2% of obese adolescents said they were feeling depressed. 31% said that they were teased by their peers while 19% said that they were accepted by their peers. Majority of the children said that they suffered from loneliness. It is assumed that they are not able to do most physical activities. This has led to low self-esteem among obese children. Between 24% and 38% said that they suffered from low self-esteem. Prevention of obesity in children Exclusive breast-feeding of newborn infants is highly recommended for nutritional benefits (Dietz Stern 1999, 12). It is likely to help protect the child against obesity that could occur in later life. Major priority should be given to teaching children and parents about nutrition and healthy diet. Children should also be provided with healthy food choices. They should be provided with snacks that contain low sodium, fat as well as sugar content (Shield Mullen 2002, 123). Children should also be taught on the need to maintain a health activity level. Sedentary lifestyle should be discouraged and television viewing time should be limited. Physical education in schools should also be enhanced. Reference List Aziz, F., Jalali-Farahani, S., Mirmiran, p., Sherafat-Kazemzadeh, R., 2010, Ch ildhood obesity in the Middle East: A review. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 16(9). Nasr City, Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean: World Health Organization. Barnes, J., 2011, Childhood obesity: Statistics and trends. Web. Carroll, M., D., Curtin, L., R., Flegal, K., M., Lamb, M., M., Ogden, C., L., 2010, Prevalence of high body mass index in U.S: children and adolescents, 2007- 2008. JAMA 303(3):242-9. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011, Overweight and obesity. Web. Dietz, W., H., Stern, L., 1999,   The official complete home reference guide to your childs nutrition.   Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics.  pp.12, 23. Ferry, R., J., 2011, Obesity in children. Web. Gardner, T., 2009, The 5 problems caused by childhood obesity. Web. Goodman, E., Whitaker, R., C., 2002,. A prospective study of the role of depression in the development and persistence of adolescent obesity. Pediatrics 110 (3): 497–504. San Diego: US American Psychological Association. Kopelman, P., G., 2005, Clinical obesity in adults and children: In Adults and Children. Blackwell Publishing. P. 82. Madani, K., A., 2000, Obesity in Saudi Arabia. Bahrain Medical Buletin, 22(3): 1-9. Bahrain: Bahrain Medical Association. Shield, J., Mullen, M. C. (2002).   The American Dietetic Association guide to healthy eating for kids: How your children can eat smart from five to tw elve.   New York: Wiley. p. 123. Strauss, R., S., 2000, Childhood obesity and self-esteem. Pediatrics 105 (1). San Diego: US American Psychological Association. P. 15.

Play review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Play review - Essay Example The play has two major acts and one captivating finale. The first act involves a 20-year-old woman, Sophie, deeply in love with a man named Sky and happily engaged. However, she does not have the ability to go down the aisle with her father alongside because she does not know her. This leads to her endeavor of finding out her father. The second act involves Sophie in a dilemma as to who her father is after three possible candidates show up all willing to accompany her down the aisle (Craymer 127). The performance was enchanting from the manner in which the actors brought out the plot in a sophisticated yet simple manner to understand. The way in which facial expressions of the actor playing Sophie’s role appeared was rather interesting. This is from the diverse moods that the plot offers with regard to Sophie. There were those times according to the plot when Sophie was happy and exhilarated like spending time with her fiancà © and there are those confused and sad moments where she has no idea what to do having in mind that the wedding is nearing and that she is yet to identify her real father. All these different situations were offered a rather exclusive and comprehensive approach through facial expressions and stage maintenance not only by the main cast but also by the support characters making the play exquisite. However, the manner in which the vocals of the actors were presented was rather unsatisfactory. This is from the fact that the actors did not fully explore their full potential. This is further revealed from the manner in which the cast did not change their vocal cords in relation to the specific scenes that they were acting. Some of the scenes required intonation such as the point where Sophie was angry with the three probable fathers for not being honest enough to let the real one stand out. At this point, the intonation was supposed to be high with rage but the actor taking Sophie’s role appeared

Health Promotion Teaching Plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Health Promotion Teaching Plan - Research Paper Example at the rules stipulated in the memo can be reviewed and a thorough checking be conducted in order to ensure that the students have obeyed them to the letter. The historical exercise of â€Å"hands on† teaching in healthcare professions, whereby students learn through practice on real stress reduction strategies, diet and exercise under supervision, may not be justifiable as the principal model for preparing healthcare experts. This challenge could be aggravated by the advance of directed health plans; patients paying for their own healthcare may refuse to serve as â€Å"teaching material,† the price traditionally paid for receiving care at a teaching hospital or public clinic. Consequently, real people with wellness problems are needed to avoid of caregivers shortages under such situations ( Riley, 2008). The instructor will listen to how the other nursing students respond to a given incident and provide guidance where needed. The observational notes will be look over during the next class with all students. Nursing students learn in two ways, through text books, and by being in a hospital environment, which allows them to familiarize themselves with real life situations; as such, the lesson provide a way for the students to practice in an environment that is comparable to a real life situation. This will better prepare the students for their upcoming healthcare nursing studies (Loyd, Lake, & Greenberg, 2004). The main challenge faced by nursing students is that they are not familiar with carrying out proper procedures during circumstances that are covered in their textbooks, and it is for that reason that nursing students need to be able to have a way to practically apply the proper procedures of the medical field’s practices, especially in health and wellbeing. The practice of using role-playing scenarios at random throughout a course of study considerably helped students to be prepared to act on any situation as if they were in a real situation ( Sanchez,

Individual paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Individual paper - Essay Example In Brazil the owned subsidiary of Wal-Mart is known as Sam’s Club and the in Mexico it is known as Suburbia. Both the subsidiaries have different work cultures as they are situated in two different countries. I have got an opportunity from both Sam’s Club and Suburbia to join as a store’s manager. In the essay I have made a comparative analysis on both the company’s work culture to arrive at a decision for which option to choose. The essay also elaborates the facts about the two countries- Mexico and Brazil, like the living conditions, availability of transportation, cost of living and the multicultural competence in the two countries. 2. Wal-Mart Stores Inc. Wal-Mart Stores Inc. is a multinational retail giant who has dedicated their work for the betterment of the lives of their customers all over the world. The retail giant has acquired many stores all over the world and has increased their assets so as to become the largest chain of departmental stores in the world. The two subsidiaries of Wal-Mart in Brazil and Mexico are Sam’s Club and Suburbia respectively. Sam’s Club in Brazil Sam’s Club is a club which offers membership to the customers and that sells goods to both retail customers and the business customers or the wholesalers. The club sells general merchandise and groceries to their customers in large quantities. The average size of the club is around 88,000 sq. feet. The customers who have not taken the membership of stores can either take membership for one day or pay a surcharge on the price of the products that are purchased. The club also sells gasoline to the customers. It has identified a niche market as a supplier to the small business which is not so well known. The club stores open at the early hours and it has the slogan of â€Å"We’re in Business for Small Business† (â€Å"About Us†). It has recorded the highest sales in 2007 which was $42 billion or 12.1% of total Wal-M art’s sales in 2007 (â€Å"About Us†). The operation of Sam’s Club in Brazil has remained the same over the years which is giving their customers the best quality goods and delivering the goods to them with minimum costs and giving them a very comfortable environment to shop. They have made shopping simple for the customers by bringing products at their door step. Rosalind G. Brewer, the CEO of Sam’s Club, has always focused on the innovation and technology and targeted in expanding their business by opening up new stores. The sustainability goals of Sam’s Club are the following: 1) 100% renewable energy 2) Creating zero waste. 3) Selling products that are sustainable to the environment and people (â€Å"Fact Sheet†). Sam’s Club even organize program like Giving Program to help the small owners of business by providing them with ideas of creating new business and development of vital products which will help them to connect with the c ommunity they are serving (â€Å"Giving Program†). The working culture at Sam’s Club is a unique one. It has the best team members who are all hard working. The departments like the marketing, logistics, finance and human resource are competent enough to make the whole business profitable. The employees are paid above the retail industry average salary. The employees were gives facilities like the medical assistance and also educational assistance for them and their children. Health care assistance is provided to them on an average of $17 dollar per day. The employees also enjoy attractive quarterly bonuses

Environmental Impacts & Consumption Essay Example for Free

Environmental Impacts Consumption Essay In an article examining resource consumption in the Welsh capital of Cardiff, Collins, et al. (2006) provide a critique of the tool known as the Ecological Footprint that has, in recent years, gained increasing currency in the assessment of anthropogenic environmental impact, as well as a brief history of its development and its implementation. By thoroughly scrutinizing the limitations and implications of Footprint methodology, Collins, et al. concluded which critical areas of consumption need to be addressed in Cardiff. Ultimately, the researchers’ goal is to provide a comprehensive value assessment of the Ecological Footprint methodology in relation to its utility in the development of sustainability policies. The article in question is entitled, â€Å"The Environmental Impacts of Consumption at a Subnational Level: The Ecological Footprint of Cardiff,† by John Barrett, Andrea Collins, Andrew Flynn, and Thomas Wiedmann. It was published in the Journal of Industrial Ecology in 2006. In it, Collins, et al, discussed the history of the Ecological Footprinting methodology, noting that it is premised on the idea that the planet has a limited ability to provide for all human resource demands. Therefore, any policy decisions regarding resource use must take this into account by balancing planetary limits against economic growth. Collins, et al, posited that humanity is currently in a state of overshoot, in which natural capital is being used faster than the planet can replenish it. Despite the strong interest which governments have taken to the use of Ecological Footprint as a sustainability indicator, it faces some criticism: Some have argued that it does not accurately reflect the impact of human consumption. Others maintain that it does not apportion the responsibility for impact in any useful manner. Regardless, Collins et al asserted that the Ecological Footprint is at the very least, useful to policy makers due to its power to communicate the link between consumption and impact. One of the key themes of the article was the need for measurements of sustainability and resource use to be fair and legitimate ones. In effect, the concern was that for any meaningful changes to be made regarding improving matters of sustainability in the city of Cardiff (or any other city for that matter) it would be necessary that data obtained is actually useful to the formulation of sustainability policy any resource use. To do otherwise, would only stymie progress in these areas or result in what other pundits have called, â€Å"greenwashing† which is the illusory notion of sustainability. As such, footprinting is designed to use standardized official and annual statistics and expenditure data to establish substantial links between personal consumption and environmental impacts, with resource use being the chain between them. As a city that has become driven primarily by finance, retail and tourism as its chief economic sectors, Cardiff’s participation in manufacturing has declined significantly over the years and developed a moderately prosperous lifestyle. However, its residents live an unsustainable lifestyle, using three times the average â€Å"earthshare,† and placing them well into overshoot. Furthermore, a majority of the resource consumption residents engage in is derived from food, travel, energy and consumables. The result is that dramatic changes will be necessary to address this. Ultimately, it is personal consumption rather than local industry that puts Cardiff residents in the position of being unequitable in their use of resources, and requires reframing social practices and institutional structures to undo these habits. These consumption domains include food and drink, with the primary area of concern being energy-intense preparation methods; transport, with concern directed towards private transportation; and tourism, with their intense reliance on catered food being of concern. In conclusion, Collins, et al, argued that Footprinting is of great utility in measuring impacts, but it must also be balanced against recognition of contexts which consumption should be set against: In the case of Cardiff, it should not be used to flatten the individual experiences of consumption, nor should its organizational nuances be neglected in assessing impacts. Simply put, the Footprint methodology is only as useful as the context it is set against, and the extent to which it is refined for socio-economic groups or geographic/subnational ones.

Techniques of Cloning :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essays

Techniques of Cloning â€Å" It is now possible to make clones, or exact genetic copies, of sheep, cows, goats, mice and, probably, humans. This opens the way towards the production of replacement body parts from adult cells † ( Gurdon and Colman 743 ). Cloning techniques have been in use for centuries. The practice of taking cuttings is universal among gardeners, and large companies now propagate desirable plant strains in their millions. Lower invertebrates can also be cloned. For example, cut an earthworm or flatworm in half, and the missing halves will regenerate to create two genetically identical individuals. Although vertebrates cannot be cloned by these routes, identical twins are naturally occurring genetic clones. Moreover, the method of nuclear transplantation, first developed about forty years ago in frogs, has been successfully used to make clones of sheep, mice, cows and goats, and it could probably be applied to people too. By taking a few non-reproductive cells from adult mammals, identical replicas can be created without damage or even inconvenience to the donors. In vertebrates, fertilization begins with the union of the sperm and the egg. The unfertilized egg is stopped at a certain stage of the cell-division cycle, and the sperm provides an activation stimulus that triggers the resumption and completion of cell division. â€Å" The egg and sperm 'pronuclei' then swell, their chromosomes unravel from the tightly packed, 'condensed' state in which they are stored, and DNA replication can proceed † ( Gurdon and Colman 743 ). The chromosomes then recondense, the nuclear membrane dissolves, and the fertilized egg divides into two identical daughter cells. Nuclear transfer subverts fertilization by replacing the female genetic material of an unfertilized egg with the nucleus from a different cell. â€Å" This was first done successfully on frogs in the 1950s, in the United States and Britain † ( Gurdon and Colman 744 ). A non-reproductive (somatic) cell, such as an intestinal epithelial cell, was ruptured by suction into a glass microneedle. Its nucleus, surrounded by a layer of cytoplasm, was then injected into an unfertilized egg from which the female genetic material had been removed or destroyed by ultraviolet irradiation. Some of

Original Writing Murder Story

You couldn't imagine the feeling, hearing that your wife and children have been found slain. After hearing these words eight words, everything became a blur, I didn't even hear what PC Maguire was saying I just stared, frozen to the to the carpet beneath me feet. Dead. My family, my girls, my beautiful girls gone. A feeling of sickness came over me, I was sick, over and over for about 20 minutes, I headed downstairs, avoiding the family photos which hung above the stairs hoping they would just disappear. Downstairs PC Maguire was sat waiting for me, he'd already told me how it happened but I couldn't hear. On hearing the events again I ran back to the bathroom and was vomiting until there it felt like there was nothing left apart from my cold soul, then went back to staring just sat on my bathroom floor looking at nothing for hours by the time I finally went downstairs PC Maguire and his colleague had of course gone. They'd gone to my wife Maggie's mothers for the weekend in Leeds, the last time I saw them I was rushing to get ready for work on Friday morning. Katie, my eldest was trying to get my attention she wanted me to read her a story before I left, I always read her stories before she went to bed and as I wouldn't be with her at the weekend she insisted on one now, but I didn't I was too busy flapping about trying find the paperwork for my meeting that afternoon, I kissed her on the forehead and my baby Abigail's; gave my wife a hug and ran out the door. I regret so much not reading that story, not stopping and feeding Abigail, not telling Maggie I love her, I love her more than anything in this world. A teenager found them early Monday morning behind the newsagent on his paper-round route, huddled together battered and bloodied, they'd been there all night. The police think that Maggie had stopped to go into the shop for a pack of cigarettes, leaving the girls in the car not even for a minute, but someone had taken the girls and somehow they all ended up behind the shop where they were beaten to a pulp before being strangled to death. The police have no idea to who did it and neither do I. We can't have a funeral yet due to the investigation but I've had to tell people, Maggie's parents and siblings, my parents other people have found out through the local papers and hundreds of flowers have been left by the public against the shop, but it doesn't stop the pain not even for a second. Not a minute goes by without me trying to work out who would have wante to cause such pain, and the awful feeling that it could be someone close, someone they knew and felt safe with, I'm racked with guilt, I wasn't there to protect my own family. My family was and still is an odd one, maybe that's why I wanted to have a ‘normal' family. I never knew my Dad he left before I was born and my mother never got over it, apparently he left to be with another woman who he'd also pregnant with his rotten seed. I have one brother, always a bit of a bad boy it was no surprise when he landed himself in prison for G.B.H, I hadn't seen him for over a year before he got sent down and haven't seen him since, 4 years it's a dam' shame. although my mother has tried with letters I would rather not have him in my life, I didn't want him in my family's life to be more specific. We've tried to help him in the past; he even lived with us for a few months months, but 3 months down the line he just left, no note, no â€Å"good bye† just my wife's peruse and children's piggy banks and haven't seen him since. As my family's trauma was being splashed over local news the police investigation continued, the news-agents had only had CCTV inside the store, although England has turned to a camera heaven no CCTV had been installed behind the shop where my babies were found. I was then shown the tape in which Maggie was buying her cigarettes, the tape wasn't very good quality, you couldn't even make out my wife's beautiful face.I could see the car vaguely through to open shop door. A man walked up to our family car with the girls inside opening the door picking up Abigail and taking her out of her car seat then walking away with Abby in his arms and Katie holding on to his hand. This made the police believe that the girls knew him and went willingly with him, he was wearing a hood and never looked toward to shop door so even with the bad quality we had no chance of identifying his face. Finally Maggie leaves the shop and stands motionless outside staring at the car then looking left and right; the tape came too much for me, I turned my head toward the wall, I clenched my fists, gripping onto the sweat running from each palm, equivocal emotions where in-caged within me; the instinct of anger couldn't help but be fused with the pain of guilt as the Images of what happened that day begun toying with my imagination. The girls obviously knew this man to go off with him, which surely means I know him, the worst had come to reality; memories of a not so long ago time began whispering into my ear reminding me of what once used to be the family room, the anger started possessing me as my heart started beating against my chest faster and faster before relinquishing to the floor where I sunk into a bath of my tears. The police could sense the animosity in the air and politely left. The pain slowly faded as I slowly drifted asleep on the living room floor. When I woke up I paced though my brain hacking into old memories to conclude who it could be, I start accusing my closest and dearest friends in my head, how could it be one of them†¦ how has this happened?! At that moment the doorbell rang. People had tried ringing all week but I haven't felt the will to answer, I guess now I have to face the world once again and answer; there is a pile of notes scattered across the hall that people have posted through the letterbox. I open the door, and I'm shocked to the core, it's him. I can't speak or move, He tells me he has good news, I hope he's telling me he's finally gone clean; I politely invite him in, as he passes me the stench of memorable cigarette smoke drifts across my face, I look up and down his figure as he walks into the living room, a blood stained handle was peaking from his trouser back pocket, I briskly contemplated on what it could of been the object could of pressed against, I became cognizant of what was going on, anger which once was transfixed in guilt now seemed contradictory, once again evocative visions paced though my mind. I run at him swinging in every direction with all my might, it throws him but not much he was always the tougher one. Then I feel it, the sharp pain in my hip, I step back and see the blood flowing, but I can no longer feel it I'm numb. Before I can retaliate he has me gripped round the neck, knife to my throat and before I know it I'm strapped in a chair duck tape over my mouth, around my hands and feet and also around my stomach keeping me in the chair. My brother takes down his hood and gives a wicked grin, ‘Hello Daniel' he whispers in my ear. I struggle in my chair and he just laughs, ‘Poor Danny, you were always the superior one weren't you, well look at you now! You have nothing; no one's coming to your rescue are they Danny? You're Alone.' He takes great pleasure in me what I know to be true, all the time waving his blood soaked knife around. ‘It's a shame what happened to those little kiddies isn't it Danny? Such beautiful girls just like Maggie.' He says licking his lips menacingly. I want to scream, I wanted to shout words which I've never used since my youth, but I can't so I just continue to struggle in my chair hoping to loosen the tape. ‘What about Katie? Looks an awful lot like Maggie doesn't she? Not so much like you though Daniel, that's odd isn't it?' My wrists are starting to bleed from the firmly fastened tape but I can't feel it, my clothes have turned crimson. What is he saying? ‘Remember that lovely few months I spent here with you Danny? You were trying to get me on the straight and narrow weren't you? You were so stupid, while you were busying yourself getting me on this course and that course you had no idea what was going on right here did you? In this house, in your bed, with your wife.' My hands were freed and I ripped the tape off my mouth ‘Maggie would never go anywhere near you, your scum!' I screeched. ‘Well of course she resisted, but she loved it really†¦every time.' He said slowly right in my face. I punched him. He stumbled backwards holding his jaw before chuckling to himself. ‘You idiot Danny, Katie, she's mine, or should I say she was ha' he laughed. ‘No no no no no NO!' I said it over and over trying to grab at him but the rest of me was still fastened tightly to the chair. He then explains in detail every encounter he had with my wife, my precious wife raped by a monster in my home and I knew nothing all the time I'm screaming no over and over my face soaked with tears. But I knew it was true, Maggie kept asking me to make him leave and I wouldn't because I wanted to help him, she was on edge the whole time and I just thought it was because she didn't like him. She wanted a new bed but I said no and I remember that when he'd fled with our rent money she seemed so relieved. How could I have not known? ‘I thought about her every day in prison, I loved her I wanted to be with her and my daughter. So of course when I got out she was my first stop, but she wouldn't talk to me when I came to the house. It was a different story when I had your beloved children. But she didn't want me, not nice is it Danny? When the woman you love doesn't want you so I decided if I couldn't have her, and Katie, you couldn't either so I killed them.' What about Abby? If you didn't want Abby why did you kill her too?!' I yelled. ‘It was unfortunate for her, she was just there' he shrugged. This is when my anger took hold of my and I forced my way out of my restraints, I picked up the chair and struck him once, twice, three times. He fell to the ground and I stood over him, my foot to his neck ‘You sick bastard' I cried then stood on his neck until he was gasping for air and clutching his throat, then he was gone. I fell to the ground beside him, I knew now that it was over for me too but I couldn't move, my eyes closed blood still pumping from my hip, my time is here.